Below is a general skill sequence for helping learners receptively identify emotions via emoticons.
Recognizing emotions is like learning a new language for some of our learners, and emoticons can be the ABCs of that language. Why? Because for some folks, emoticons may come across as way less intimidating than a real human face. Further, facial features on emoticons are far more simple and this could make the emotion in question really pop. While other skill areas might focus on just reading faces, this one goes the extra mile by tying those faces to actual feelings. As learners get the hang of it, we may crank up the complexity by having them start to label emotions using both emoticons and actual human faces. It's all about laying a solid foundation for emotional understanding.
How this skill area relates to your assessments!
This skill area aligns with various assessments and their respective domains, with milestone and domain codes provided for reference. Additionally, DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Autism are included to help clinicians identify how this skill area potentially supports medical necessity in relation to the diagnosis.
VB-MAPP (Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program)
Listener Responding, LR 5-M, Selects the correct item from an array of 4, for 20 different objects or pictures (e.g., Show me cat. Touch shoe).
Listener Responding, LR 7-M, Generalizes listener discriminations (LDs) in a messy array of 8, for three different examples of 50 items (e.g., The child can find three examples of a train.
AFLS (Assessment of Functional Living Skills)
Phone, PH26, Sends and reads text messages.
DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Autism
A2, Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction, ranging, for example, from poorly integrated verbal and nonverbal communication; to abnormalities in eye contact and body language or deficits in understanding and use of gestures; to a total lack of facial expressions and nonverbal communication.
CDC’s Developmental Milestones
2 Years, Language/Communication, Points to things in a book when you ask, like “Where is the bear?”
4 Years, Social/Emotional, Comforts others who are hurt or sad, like hugging a crying friend.
Treatment Plan Goal Ideas
This is a list of treatment plan goals. These are different from the goals you will find in the skill sequence below. Your treatment plan goals encompass any number of goals from the skill sequence. Sometime they will include multiple goals from the sequence (”Learner will label 5 toys”) and sometimes the treatment plan goal will be simply consist of a really important goal from the skill sequence (”Will label caregiver”). An analogy I like to use goes as follows: Each skill sequence goal (commonly known as a “target”) represent each stair in a flight of stairs. The treatment plan goal is the flight itself.
Treatment plan goal ideas for this particular skill area are as follows:
Learner will receptively identify an emoticon in a large array when given an emotion for three common emotions.
Learner will receptively identify an emoticon in a large array when given an emotion for five common emotions.
Component Skills
Your learner may need to be fluent in these component skills first before introducing this goal/skill area. Component skills for this skill sequence may include skill areas that are fundamental to other areas. Fluency in the skill areas listed below may increase the likelihood that your learner will succeed in this skill sequence and those afterward.
Below is a possible skill sequence for working on increasing your learner’s ability to receptively ID emoticon emotions in a 2D array. Note that every learner is different and that you likely will need to tweak and vary some programming to their needs. Click the triangle icon to view the full description for each skill in the sequence/area.
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#1 Rec IDs Happy Emoticon
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Present an array of 15 pictures of emoticons engaging in various expressions. One of the pictures should be an emoticon that is happy.
Ask the learner to “Show me the happy one!”/”Point to the happy one!”/”Give me happy!”
Learner should select the happy emoticon in the array (or similar).
Reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
You may elect to add more complex “smiling” emoticons as the learner becomes stronger in this skill.
Materials
14 emoticon pictures engaging in varying emotions and one picture of an emoticon that is happy.
Research/Resources
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#2 Rec IDs Sad Emoticon
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Present an array of 15 pictures of emoticons engaging in various expressions. One of the pictures should be an emoticon that is sad.
Ask the learner to "Show me the sad one!"/"Point to the sad one!"/"Give me sad!"
Learner should select the sad emoticon in the array (or similar).
Reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
You may elect to add more complex "crying" emoticons as the learner becomes stronger in this skill.
Materials
14 emoticon pictures engaging in varying emotions and one picture of an emoticon that is sad.
Research/Resources
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#3 Rec IDs Angry Emoticon
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Present an array of 15 pictures of emoticons engaging in various expressions. One of the pictures should be an emoticon that is angry.
Ask the learner to "Show me the angry one!"/"Point to the angry one!"/"Give me angry!"
Learner should select the angry emoticon in the array (or similar).
Reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
You may elect to add more complex "yelling" emoticons as the learner becomes stronger in this skill.
Materials
14 emoticon pictures engaging in varying emotions and one picture of an emoticon that is angry.
Research/Resources
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#4 Rec IDs Tired Emoticon
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Present an array of 15 pictures of emoticons engaging in various expressions. One of the pictures should be an emoticon that is tired.
Ask the learner to "Show me the tired one!"/"Point to the tired one!"/"Give me tired!"
Learner should select the tired emoticon in the array (or similar).
Reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
You may elect to add more complex "sleeping" emoticons as the learner becomes stronger in this skill.
Materials
14 emoticon pictures engaging in varying emotions and one picture of an emoticon that is tired.
Research/Resources
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#5 Rec IDs Scared Emoticon
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Present an array of 15 pictures of emoticons engaging in various expressions. One of the pictures should be an emoticon that is scared.
Ask the learner to "Show me the scared one!"/"Point to the scared one!"/"Give me scared!"
Learner should select the scared emoticon in the array (or similar).
Reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
You may elect to add more complex "frightened" emoticons as the learner becomes stronger in this skill.
Materials
14 emoticon pictures engaging in varying emotions and one picture of an emoticon that is scared.
Research/Resources
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#6 Rec IDs Surprised Emoticon
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Present an array of 15 pictures of emoticons engaging in various expressions. One of the pictures should be an emoticon that is surprised.
Ask the learner to "Show me the surprised one!"/"Point to the surprised one!"/"Give me surprised!"
Learner should select the surprised emoticon in the array (or similar).
Reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
You may elect to add more complex "shocked" emoticons as the learner becomes stronger in this skill.
Materials
14 emoticon pictures engaging in varying emotions and one picture of an emoticon that is surprised.
Research/Resources
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#7 Rec IDs Silly/Goofy Emoticon
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Present an array of 15 pictures of emoticons engaging in various expressions. One of the pictures should be an emoticon that is silly or goofy.
Ask the learner to "Show me the silly one!"/"Point to the goofy one!"/"Give me silly!"
Learner should select the silly or goofy emoticon in the array (or similar).
Reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
You may elect to add more complex "laughing" emoticons as the learner becomes stronger in this skill.
Materials
14 emoticon pictures engaging in varying emotions and one picture of an emoticon that is silly or goofy.
Research/Resources
Concurrent Skills
Working on these skills at the same time could help with goal mastery. Maybe your learner has mastered these skills already. Perhaps they are already listed as component skills above. That’s okay! Targeting other learning channels might help your learner.
These are the possible next steps for learners who have mastered, or are mastering, the skills listed above. Note that new skill areas may require fluency in other component skills not listed above. Also, you can introduce composite skill sequences prematurely to keep your learner progressing, as generativity may occur earlier than expected.
Follow the link below to better understand component-composite analysis.
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Research and Resources
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Disclaimer
Consistent with ethical obligations outlined by the Behavior Analysis Certification Board (BACB), users acknowledge that goal selection/direction is the responsibility of the BCBA. Users understand that goals should be tailored to the learner while ultimately involving the input of clients/stakeholders. Users understand their ethical obligations to the client/stakeholder concerning the selection, implementation, design, and minimization of risk regarding behavior change interventions as outlined in BACB Code. As such, this skill sequence serves as a general framework for generating ideas around this particular skill area and not as an assessment or curriculum.
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