Below is a general skill sequence for teaching imitation with three step actions.
The following skill sequence expands on previous imitation skill sequences in that adds an additional two modeled actions to the original modeled action. Learners will need to have demonstrated a history of imitation for gross motor imitation and two step imitation. This skill sequence lays the groundwork for the learner to engage in imitation with more complex tasks.
How this skill area relates to your assessments!
This skill area aligns with various assessments and their respective domains, with milestone and domain codes provided for reference. Additionally, DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Autism are included to help clinicians identify how this skill area potentially supports medical necessity in relation to the diagnosis.
VB-MAPP (Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program)
Motor Imitation, MI 5-M, Imitates 20 motor movements of any type (e.g., fine motor, gross motor, imitation with objects)
Motor Imitation, MI 8-M, Imitates 10 different three component sequences of actions when prompted. Do this (e.g., clapping, jumping, touching toes, pick up a doll, place her in a crib, and rock the crib)
Workplace Safety, WS30, Performs variety of gross motor or whole-body tasks
Workplace Safety, WS31, Performs variety of fine motor tasks
Self Management, SM17, Remains calm when having trouble performing difficult or multiple step tasks
DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Autism
A2, Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction, ranging, for example, from poorly integrated verbal and nonverbal communication; to abnormalities in eye contact and body language or deficits in understanding and use of gestures; to a total lack of facial expressions and nonverbal communication.
CDC’s Developmental Milestones
18 months, Cognitive Milestones, Copies you doing chores, like sweeping with a broom
30 months, Cognitive Milestones, Follows two-step instructions like “Put the toy down
and close the door.”
Treatment Plan Goal Ideas
Treatment plan goal ideas for this particular skill area are as follows:
Learner will imitate 5 different three-step actions when modeled by another person.
Learner will imitate 10 different three-step actions when modeled my another person.
Learner will imitate 20 different three-step actions or similar when modeled by another person.
Component Skills
Your learner may need to be fluent in these component skills first before introducing this goal/skill area. Component skills for this skill sequence may include skill areas that are fundamental to other areas. Fluency in the skill areas listed below may increase the likelihood that your learner will succeed in this skill sequence and those afterward.
Below is a possible skill sequence for working on increasing your learner’s ability to imitate 3 step actions. Note that every learner is different and that you likely will need to tweak and vary some programming to their needs. Click the triangle icon to view the full description for each skill in the sequence/area.
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#1 ImitatesJump-Clap-Spin
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model a jump, a clap, and then spin around.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#2 ImitatesJump-Spin-Clap
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model a jump, spin around, and then clap.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#3 ImitatesJump-Arms Up-Spin
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model a jump, raise your arms, and then spin around.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#4 ImitatesClap-Jump-Arms Up
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model a clap, jump, and then raise your arms.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#5 ImitatesArms Up-Jump-Clap
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model putting your arms up, jump, and then clap.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#6 ImitatesSpin-Jump-Arms Up
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model spinning around, jump, and then raising your arms.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#7 ImitatesSpin-Clap-Arms Up
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model spinning around, a clap, and them raising your arms.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#8 ImitatesClap-Spin-Jump
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model a clap, spinning around, and then jump.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#9 ImitatesClap-Arms Up-Spin
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model a clap, raising your arms, and then spinning.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#10 ImitatesClap-Arms Up-Jump
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model a clap, raising your arms, and then a jump.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#11 ImitatesArms Up-Clap-Jump
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model raising your arms, a clap, and a jump.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#12 ImitatesArms Up-Spin-Clap
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model raising your arms, spinning around, and then clapping.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#13 ImitatesTouches Toes-Arms Up-Clap
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model touching your toes, raising your arms, and then a clap.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#14 ImitatesArms Up-Spin-Touch Toes
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model putting arms up, spinning around, and touching your toes.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#15 ImitatesSpins-Stomps-Arms Up
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model spinning around, stomping your foot, and then raising your arms.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#16 Touches Head-Stomps-Touches Toes
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model touching your head, stomping your head, and then touching your toes.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#17 Spin-Arms Up-Touches Head
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model spinning around, raising your arms, and then touching your head.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#18 Stomps-Jumps-Touches Toes
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model stomping, jumping, and then touching your toes.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#19 Jumps-Stomps-Touches Head
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model jumping, stomping your feet, and then touching your head.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
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#20 Stomps-Claps-Touches Toes
How to Run
Gain the attention and motivation of the learner.
Say “Do this!” and model stomping your feet, a clap, and then touching your toes.
Learner should imitate the 3 actions that you modeled in order.
Contingent on the correct response, reinforce the learner accordingly.
Additional Notes
Modeling one action at a time, waiting for the learner to perform the action, and then modeling the next action in the 3-step sequence might be a good start for some learners. Then, try to model the complete 3-step sequence all together after the learner performs all three of the steps. Eventually, you’ll want to fade this method out.
To prevent the learner from simply memorizing the sequence—and therefore not attending to the model when you are running the program, make sure that you are always targeting other imitation programs along with this one.
Materials
Concurrent Skills
Working on these skills at the same time could help with goal mastery. Maybe your learner has mastered these skills already. Perhaps they are already listed as component skills above. That’s okay! Targeting other learning channels might help your learner.
Imitates Peers in Contrived Scenarios (Coming Soon!)
Composite Skills
These are the possible next steps for learners who have mastered, or are mastering, the skills listed above. Note that new skill areas may require fluency in other component skills not listed above. Also, you can introduce composite skill sequences prematurely to keep your learner progressing, as generativity may occur earlier than expected.
Imitates Actions During Common Sequences (Coming Soon!)
Follow the link below to better understand component-composite analysis.
Elizabeth R. Lorah, Shawn P. Gilroy, Philip N. Hineline,
Acquisition of peer manding and listener responding in young children with autism,
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, Volume 8, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 61-67,
ISSN 1750-9467,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.10.009.
Kaitlin G. Causin, Kristin M. Albert, Vincent J. Carbone, Emily J. Sweeney-Kerwin,
The role of joint control in teaching listener responding to children with autism and other developmental disabilities, Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, Volume 7, Issue 9, 2013, Pages 997-1011, ISSN 1750-9467,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.04.011.
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Disclaimer
Consistent with ethical obligations outlined by the Behavior Analysis Certification Board (BACB), users acknowledge that goal selection/direction is the responsibility of the BCBA. Users understand that goals should be tailored to the learner while ultimately involving the input of clients/stakeholders. Users understand their ethical obligations to the client/stakeholder concerning the selection, implementation, design, and minimization of risk regarding behavior change interventions as outlined in BACB Code. As such, this skill sequence serves as a general framework for generating ideas around this particular skill area and not as an assessment or curriculum.
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